Timeline

• 22.03.1604
• Creation of the Thaler of 4 Marks (in circulating silver coins) as accounting unit:
  - Original rating: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 4½ Marks (silver)
  - 07.09.1617: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 6½ Marks (silver).
• 26.08.1633
• Devaluation of copper (issuance had started 1624 on par) against silver by 50% and new ratings against accounting unit: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 6 Marks (silver) = 12 Marks (copper)
  - 24.03.1643: New ratings: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 6 Marks (silver) = 15 Marks (copper)
  - 07.10.1665: New ratings: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 6½ Marks (silver) = 19½ Marks (copper)
  - 19.03.1681: New ratings: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 6½ Marks (silver) = 24 Marks (copper)
  - 15.05.1686: New ratings: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 8 Marks (silver) = 24 Marks (copper)
  - 29.12.1718: New ratings: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 12 Marks (silver) = 36 Marks (copper)
• 1644-1691
• Issuance of copper bars (referred to as "plate money") with denominations of 10 to ½ "Thalers Silver Coin"
• 30.11.1656
• Royal charter for the "Bank of Stockholm" (of Johan Palmstruch); the bank opened for business on 01.07.1657:
  - 1662-1664: Issuance of paper money denominated in "Thalers Copper Coin"; became inconvertible and was withdrawn and fully redeemed by the government
  - 1666-1667: Issuance of paper money denominated in "Thalers Silver Coin"
  - End 1667: Liquidation of the bank.
• 04.05.1664
• Mint order for the production of Riksdaler (specie) coins; effective 01.09.1664 (?)
• 17.09.1668
• Royal charter for the "Bank of the Estates of the Realm" as government bank (initially without issuing privilege for paper money), replacing the liquidated "Bank of Stockholm"; the bank opened for business on 21.12.1668:
  - Paper money issuance began in 1701.

Timeline

• 27.11.1776
• Royal ordinance on the re-establishment of the silver currency based on the 1664 standard and abolition of the copper circulation; effective 01.01.1777
• 01.01.1777
• Start of issuance of new coins and of paper money by the Estates' Bank
• 31.12.1777
• Demonetization of the former means of payment, exchange was done at rates:
  - 1 Riksdaler = 36 Marks (in silver coins)
  - 1 Riksdaler = 72 Marks (in copper coins)
  - 1 Riksdaler = 6 "Thalers Silver Coin" (in paper)
  - After 07.10.1777: 1 Riksdaler = 4 "Thalers Silver Coin" (copper plates).
• 21.02.1789
• Law [Förenings- & Säkerhetsakten] on amendments to the 1772 Swedish constitution; effective 03.04.1789:
  - Led to the etablishment of the "National Debt Office" which issued government paper money until 1834, whose value fluctuated against specie and Estates' Bank notes.
• 23.07.1803
• Rating of the two paper currencies: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 1 Riksdaler (Estates' Bank note) = 1½ Riksdalers (Debt Office note)
• around 1809
• Inconvertibility of the paper money
• 25.06.1830
• Royal ordinance on adjusting the weight standard of the silver specie coins (resulting in a 0.75% reduction of the fine weight); effective immediately (?)
• 01.10.1834
• Re-establishment of the convertibility of the paper money: 1 Riksdaler (specie) = 2⅔ Riksdalers "Banco" (Estates' Bank note) = 4 Riksdalers "Riksgälds" (Debt Office note)
• 09.05.1835
• Royal ordinance on adjusting the weight standard of the silver specie coins (resulting in a 0.75% reduction of the fine weight) and on the issuance of copper subsidiary coins denominated "Skilling Banco" (Rigsdaler = 128 Skilling Banco); effective immediately (?).
  - Issuance paper money denominated "Riksdaler Banco" by the Estates' Bank began 1836.

Valuation Regimes

• 1777-1855
• Metallic currency based on circulating silver coins, additional gold coins with fixed rate against silver. Base weight was the Swedish pound ("Skålpund Viktualievikt") / 32 Lot / 18 Grains (= 8'848 As) at 425.076 grams and Swedish Troy mark ("Mark myntvikt") / 4'384 As at 210.616 grams.
  - De facto, paper money dominated the transactions which became inconvertible 1789-1803 and 1809-1834.

Timeline

• 03.02.1855
• Royal ordinance on the change of accounting unit from "Riksdaler Specie" to "Riksdaler Riksmynt", which was based on the Riksdaler "Riksgälds" (Debt Office notes); effective 01.01.1856
• 01.01.1856
• Start of issuance of new coins; issuance paper money denominated "Riksdaler Riksmynt" by the Estates' Bank began 1858.
• 1856-1874
• Royal ordinance on the issuance of a gold coin "Carolin" at 10 French Francs in the standard of the Latin Monetary Union; effective immediately
  - The coin was rated at 7.10 Riksdaler Riksmynt.

Valuation Regimes

• 1777-1855
• Metallic currency based on circulating silver coins, additional gold coins with fixed rate against silver. Base weight was the Swedish pound ("Skålpund Viktualievikt") / 32 Lot / 18 Grains at 425.076 grams. De facto, paper money dominated the transactions.

Timeline

• 27.05.1873
• Ratification of the Scandinavian Currency Union of 18.12.1872 between Denmark, Norway and Sweden; effective immediately (?)
• 30.05.1873
• Law [Lag om Rikets Mynt] on the adoption of the gold standard of the Nordic Monetary Union; effective 01.01.1875
• 01.01.1875
• Start of currency exchange:
  - 01.01.1875: Start of issuance of the new banknotes and coins
  - 31.12.1878: Demonetization of the former currency
  - 03.08.1914: End of legal tender status of Danish and Norwegian money in Sweden.
• 14.09.2003
• Swedish referendum on joining the European Monetary Union (and introducing the Euro) was rejected by 55.9% of voters with a turnout of 82.6%.

Valuation Regimes

• 1875-1914
• Metallic currency based on circulating gold coins, the gold standard was suspended on 03.08.1914
• 1914-1925
• Variable rate around the former gold parity
• 1925-1931
• Fixed rate against gold, the gold parity was abandoned on 29.09.1931
• 1931-1939
• Fixed rate against British Pound
• 1939-1949
• Fixed rate against US Dollar
• 1949-1973
• Variable rate against gold
• 1973-
• Variable rate (the IMF gold parity was updated until 04.04.1977)