Time Period: Until 1904
Timeline
- 27.10.1671
- Rating of Spanish trade coins in the accounting currency:
- Spanish Dollar (8 Spanish Real in silver) 90 Pennies
- ??.??.1722
- Rating of Spanish trade coins in the accounting currency:
- Spanish Dollar (8 Spanish Real in silver) 75 Pennies
- 11.11.1758
- Rating of Spanish trade coins in the accounting currency:
- Spanish Dollar (8 Spanish Real in silver) 80 Pennies
- Spanish doubloon (8 Spanish Escudos in gold) at 120 Shillings.
- 04.07.1834
- Resolution of the local assembly on the introduction of British silver coins of 3, 1½ Pence Sterling for use as 1⁄16, 1⁄32 of the Spanish Dollar
- 05.11.1838
- Rating of Spanish trade coins in the accounting currency:
- Spanish Dollar (8 Spanish Real in silver) 83⅓ Pennies
- Spanish doubloon (8 Spanish Escudos in gold) at 106⅔ Shillings.
- 21.12.1839
- Act [3 Vict, c.39] on the introduction of the Sterling accounting and devaluation of the accounting currency at a ratio of 1 : 1⅔ (i.e. by 40.0%); effective 01.01.1841. New rating of the Spanish trade coins:
- Spanish Dollar (8 Spanish real in silver) at 50 Pence Sterling
- Spanish doubloon (8 Spanish Escudos in gold) at 64 Shillings Sterling.
- 31.12.1869
- Coinage law [Nickel Coinage (Repealed), No. 49] (amending a law [Nickel Coinage, No. 35] of 22.07.1869) on the introduction of local subsidiary coins of 1, ½ Penny in copper-nickel alloy; effective per proclamation of 11.11.1869.
- 02.12.1880: Law [Nickel Coinage (Supplement), No. 13] on the introduction of local subsidiary coins of ¼ Penny in copper-nickel alloy; effective per proclamation of 17.05.1882.
- 25.02.1882: Law [Copper and Bronze Coinage Demonetization, No. 11] on the demonetization of British copper and bronze subsidiary coinage in Jamaica and Turks & Caicos Islands; effective per proclamation of 17.05.1882.
- 25.08.1876
- Law [No. 6] on the demonetization of the Spanish Dollar; effective ??.??.1876
- 30.01.1901
- Law [No. 109] on the demonetization of the Spanish doubloon; effective 31.03.1901
Time Period: 1904-1969
Currency: Jamaican Pound
- Transition
- 1 : 1 British Pound
- Sub-units
- Pound / 20 Shillings / 12 Pence
- ISO4217
- none (informal: JMP)
Timeline
- 16.06.1904
- Law [Bank Notes, No. 20] on the issuance of paper money by commercial banks and the creation of the Bank Note Reserve Fund; effective immediately (?). The following banks issued paper money under this law:
- Royal Bank of Canada (est. 1864), starting 02.01.1911, ending 26.03.1954.
- Bank of Nova Scotia (est. 1832), starting 02.01.1919, ending 26.03.1954.
- Canadian Bank of Commerce (est. 1867), starting 01.03.1921, ending 26.03.1954.
- Barclays Bank - Dominion, Colonial and Oversees (est. 1925), starting 01.09.1926, ending 28.02.1958.
- 22.09.1904
- Law [Currency Notes, No. 27] on the creation of the Board of Commissioners of Currency and issuance of paper money by the government; not implemented
- 19.09.1918: Law [Currency Notes (Amendment), No. 17], amending the 1904 law; not implemented
- 09.01.1920: Law [Currency Notes (Amendment), No. 2], amending the 1904 and 1918 laws; effective upon constitution of the currency board on 15.03.1920.
- 15.04.1937
- Law [Currency Notes, No. 9] on the permanent and sole legal tender status of Jamaican currency notes in Jamaica, Turks & Caicos Islands, and Cayman Islands; effective immediately.
- 25.01.1956: Law [Currency Notes (Amendment), No. 1], amending the 1937 law; effective immediately.
- 26.03.1954
- Law [Bank Notes (Amendment), No. 9] on the stop of issuance of the paper money by commercial banks except for Barclays Bank (D.C.O); effective immediately
- 28.02.1958
- Law [Bank Notes (Demonetization and Redemption) Act, No. 10] on the withdrawal of the paper money issued by commercial banks; effective 31.12.1958 (?)
- 13.06.1960
- Law [Bank of Jamaica Act, No. 32] on the establishment of the central bank replacing the currency board; effective 01.10.1960 (the bank opened for business on 01.05.1961)
Valuation Regimes
- 1904-1969
- Fixed rate against British Pound
Rate Arrangements
- 15.03.1920
- Fixed
- British Pound at 1 : 1 - [Gold parity (08.03.1963)] 2'488.28mg AU fine
- -
- 21.11.1967
- Fixed
- British Pound at 1 : 1 - [Gold parity] 2'132.81mg AU fine
- ±0.0%
Time Period: 1969-
Currency: Jamaican Dollar
- Transition
- 2 : 1
- Sub-units
- Dollar / 100 Cents
- ISO4217
- JMD
Timeline
- 21.03.1969
- Law [Decimal Currency Act, No. 7] on the currency reform (enacting a parliamentary resolution of 30.01.1968); effective 08.09.1969
- 08.09.1969
- Start of currency exchange:
- 08.09.1969: Start of issuance of the new banknotes and coins
- 15.04.1970: End of exchange period, demonetization of the former banknotes (coins remained current).
Valuation Regimes
- 1969-1973
- Fixed rate against British Pound
- 1973-1983
- Fixed rate against US Dollar, de facto variable between May 1978 and May 1979
- 1983-
- Variable rate
Rate Arrangements
- 08.09.1969
- Fixed
- British Pound at 1 : 2 - [Gold parity] 1'066.41mg AU fine
- ±0.0%
- 17.01.1973
- Fixed
- US Dollar at 1 : 0.91 - [Gold parity] 899.46mg AU fine
- -6.5%
- 17.02.1973
- Fixed
- US Dollar at 1 : 0.91 - [Gold parity] 809.52mg AU fine
- ±0.0%
- 13.01.1978
- Fixed
- US Dollar at 1 : 1.05
- -13.3%
- 09.05.1978
- Fixed
- US Dollar at 1 : 1.55
- -32.3%
- 02.05.1979
- Fixed
- US Dollar at 1 : 1.781
- -13.0%
- 24.11.1983
- Variable
- initially: US Dollar at 1 : 3.15
- -43.4%
End-year Forex Rates (Units per US Dollar)
- Year
- Code
- Ratio
- Rate
- Delta
- Comment
- 1946
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.25
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1947
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.25
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1948
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.25
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1949
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- -30.5%
- fixed against GBP
- 1950
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1951
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1952
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1953
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1954
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1955
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1956
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1957
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1958
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1959
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1960
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1961
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1962
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1963
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1964
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1965
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1966
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.36
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1967
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.42
- -14.3%
- fixed against GBP
- 1968
- JMP
- 0.5
- 0.42
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1969
- JMD
- 1
- 0.83
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1970
- JMD
- 1
- 0.83
- ±0.0%
- fixed against GBP
- 1971
- JMD
- 1
- 0.78
- +6.4%
- fixed against GBP
- 1972
- JMD
- 1
- 0.77
- +1.7%
- fixed against GBP
- 1973
- JMD
- 1
- 0.91
- -15.4%
- fixed against USD
- 1974
- JMD
- 1
- 0.91
- ±0.0%
- fixed against USD
- 1975
- JMD
- 1
- 0.91
- ±0.0%
- fixed against USD
- 1976
- JMD
- 1
- 0.91
- ±0.0%
- fixed against USD
- 1977
- JMD
- 1
- 0.91
- ±0.0%
- fixed against USD
- 1978
- JMD
- 1
- 1.69
- -46.2%
- 1979
- JMD
- 1
- 1.78
- -5.1%
- 1980
- JMD
- 1
- 1.78
- ±0.0%
- 1981
- JMD
- 1
- 1.78
- ±0.0%
- 1982
- JMD
- 1
- 1.78
- ±0.0%
- 1983
- JMD
- 1
- 3.30
- -46.1%
- 1984
- JMD
- 1
- 4.95
- -33.3%
- 1985
- JMD
- 1
- 5.50
- -10.0%
- 1986
- JMD
- 1
- 5.50
- ±0.0%
- 1987
- JMD
- 1
- 5.52
- -0.4%
- 1988
- JMD
- 1
- 5.50
- +0.4%
- 1989
- JMD
- 1
- 6.50
- -15.4%
- 1990
- JMD
- 1
- 8.17
- -20.4%
- 1991
- JMD
- 1
- 21.57
- -62.1%
- 1992
- JMD
- 1
- 22.20
- -2.8%
- 1993
- JMD
- 1
- 32.70
- -32.1%
- 1994
- JMD
- 1
- 33.37
- -2.0%
- 1995
- JMD
- 1
- 39.80
- -16.2%
- 1996
- JMD
- 1
- 35.03
- +13.6%
- 1997
- JMD
- 1
- 36.59
- -4.3%
- 1998
- JMD
- 1
- 37.16
- -1.5%
- 1999
- JMD
- 1
- 41.42
- -10.3%
- 2000
- JMD
- 1
- 45.53
- -9.0%
- 2001
- JMD
- 1
- 47.40
- -3.9%
- 2002
- JMD
- 1
- 50.97
- -7.0%
- 2003
- JMD
- 1
- 60.62
- -15.9%
- 2004
- JMD
- 1
- 61.63
- -1.6%
- 2005
- JMD
- 1
- 64.58
- -4.6%
- 2006
- JMD
- 1
- 67.15
- -3.8%
- 2007
- JMD
- 1
- 70.62
- -4.9%
- 2008
- JMD
- 1
- 80.47
- -12.2%
- 2009
- JMD
- 1
- 89.60
- -10.2%
- 2010
- JMD
- 1
- 85.86
- +4.4%
- 2011
- JMD
- 1
- 86.60
- -0.9%
- 2012
- JMD
- 1
- 92.98
- -6.9%
- 2013
- JMD
- 1
- 106.38
- -12.6%
- 2014
- JMD
- 1
- 114.66
- -7.2%
- 2015
- JMD
- 1
- 120.42
- -4.8%
- 2016
- JMD
- 1
- 128.44
- -6.2%
- 2017
- JMD
- 1
- 125.00
- +2.8%
- 2018
- JMD
- 1
- 127.72
- -2.1%
- 2019
- JMD
- 1
- 132.57
- -3.7%
- 2020
- JMD
- 1
- 142.65
- -7.1%
- 2021
- JMD
- 1
- 153.92
- -7.3%
- 2022
- JMD
- 1
- 151.01
- +1.9%
- 2023
- JMD
- 1
- 154.90
- -2.5%